Morlet Wavelet transformed holograms for numerical adaptive view-based reconstruction

International audienceWe provide an efficient method of using Morlet wavelets for transforming a hologram and reconstructing parts of a scene based on the position of viewer by using a sparse set of Morlet transformed coefficients. We provide a design of a Morlet wavelet and explain an efficient discretization method for the application of view-dependent representation systems. Results are provided based on the numerical reconstruction, and it is shown that view- dependent representation along with Morlet wavelets form a good starting step for compressing holographic data for next generation 3DTV applications

Wavelet compression of digital holograms: Towards a view-dependent framework

International audienceAn analysis and discussion on the relevance of various wavelet schemes for hologram compression and reconstruction when the rendering configuration makes it possible to exploit selective refinements to perform a viewpoint-based degraded reconstruction. It is observed that Gabor wavelet bases have better time-frequency localization as compared to Fresnelet bases and hence are well suited for view-dependent compression techniques for hologram reconstruction

One-year clinical outcome of patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: Insights from KERALA-AF registry.

BackgroundWe report patient characteristics, treatment pattern and one-year clinical outcome of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) from Kerala, India. This cohort forms part of Kerala Atrial Fibrillation (KERALA-AF) registry which is an ongoing large prospective study.MethodsKERALA-AF registry collected data of adults with previously or newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation (AF) during April 2016 to April 2017. A total of 3421 patients were recruited from 53 hospitals across Kerala state. We analysed one-year follow-up outcome of 2507 patients with NVAF.ResultsMean age at recruitment was 67.2 years (range 18-98) and 54.8% were males. Main co-morbidities were hypertension (61.2%), hyperlipidaemia (46.2%) and diabetes mellitus (37.2%). Major co-existing diseases were chronic kidney disease (42.1%), coronary artery disease (41.6%), and chronic heart failure (26.4%). Mean CHA2DS2-VASc score was 3.18 (SD ± 1.7) and HAS-BLED score, 1.84 (SD ± 1.3). At baseline, use of oral anticoagulants (OAC) was 38.6% and antiplatelets 32.7%. On one-month follow-up use of OAC increased to 65.8% and antiplatelets to 48.3%. One-year all-cause mortality was 16.48 and hospitalization 20.65 per 100 person years. The main causes of death were cardiovascular (75.0%), stroke (13.1%) and others (11.9%). The major causes of hospitalizations were acute coronary syndrome (35.0%), followed by arrhythmia (29.5%) and heart failure (8.4%).ConclusionsDespite high risk profile of patients in this registry, use of OAC was suboptimal, whereas antiplatelets were used in nearly half of patients. A relatively high rate of annual mortality and hospitalization was observed in patients with NVAF in Kerala AF Registry

Adaptative représentation and reconstruction of digital holograms

On constate une forte augmentation de l’intérêt porté sur l’utilisation des technologies vidéo 3D pour des besoins commerciaux, notamment par l’application de l’holographie, pour fournir des images réalistes, qui semblent vivantes. Surtout, pour sa capacité à reconstruire tous les parallaxes nécessaires, afin de permettre de réaliser une vision véritablement immersive qui peut être observée par quiconque (humains, machine ou animal). Malheureusement la grande quantité d'information contenue dans un hologramme le rend inapte à être transmis en temps réel sur les réseaux existants. Cette thèse présente des techniques afin de réduire efficacement la taille de l'hologramme par l'élagage de portions de l'hologramme en fonction de la position de l'observateur. Un grand nombre d'informations contenues dans l'hologramme n'est pas utilisé si le nombre d'observateurs d'une scène immersive est limité. Sous cette hypothèse, éléments de l'hologramme peuvent être décomposés pour que seules les parties requises sensibles au phénomène de diffraction vers un point d'observation particulier soient conservés. Les reconstructions de ces hologrammes élagués peuvent être propagées numériquement ou optiquement. On utilise la transformation en ondelettes pour capter les informations de fréquences localisées depuis l'hologramme. La sélection des ondelettes est basée sur des capacités de localisation en espace et en fréquence. Par exemple, les ondelettes de Gabor et Morlet possèdent une bonne localisation dans l'espace et la fréquence. Ce sont des bons candidats pour la reconstruction des hologrammes suivant la position de l'observateur. Pour cette raison les ondelettes de Shannon sont également utilisées. De plus l'application en fonction du domaine de fréquence des ondelettes de Shannon est présentée pour fournir des calculs rapides de l'élagage en temps réel et de la reconstruction.With the increased interest in 3D video technologies for commercial purposes, there is renewed interest in holography for providing true, life-like images. Mainly for the hologram's capability to reconstruct all the parallaxes that are needed for a truly immersive views that can be observed by anyone (human, machine or animal). But the large amount of information that is contained in a hologram make it quite unsuitable to be transmitted over existing networks in real-time. In this thesis we present techniques to effectively reduce the size of the hologram by pruning portions of the hologram based on the position of the observer. A large amount of information contained in the hologram is not used if the number of observers of an immersive scene is limited. Under this assumption, parts of the hologram can be pruned out and only the requisite parts that can cause diffraction at an observer point can be retained. For reconstructions these pruned holograms can be propagated numerically or optically. Wavelet transforms are employed to capture the localized frequency information from the hologram. The selection of the wavelets is based on the localization capabilities in the space and frequency domains. Gabor and Morlet wavelets possess good localization in space and frequency and form good candidates for the view based reconstruction system. Shannon wavelets are also employed for this cause and the frequency domain based application using the Shannon wavelet is shown to provide fast calculations for real-time pruning and reconstruction

Représentation reconstruction adaptative des hologrammes numériques

With the increased interest in 3D video technologies for commercial purposes, there is renewed interest in holography for providing true, life-like images. Mainly for the hologram's capability to reconstruct all the parallaxes that are needed for a truly immersive views that can be observed by anyone (human, machine or animal). But the large amount of information that is contained in a hologram make it quite unsuitable to be transmitted over existing networks in real-time. In this thesis we present techniques to effectively reduce the size of the hologram by pruning portions of the hologram based on the position of the observer. A large amount of information contained in the hologram is not used if the number of observers of an immersive scene is limited. Under this assumption, parts of the hologram can be pruned out and only the requisite parts that can cause diffraction at an observer point can be retained. For reconstructions these pruned holograms can be propagated numerically or optically. Wavelet transforms are employed to capture the localized frequency information from the hologram. The selection of the wavelets is based on the localization capabilities in the space and frequency domains. Gabor and Morlet wavelets possess good localization in space and frequency and form good candidates for the view based reconstruction system. Shannon wavelets are also employed for this cause and the frequency domain based application using the Shannon wavelet is shown to provide fast calculations for real-time pruning and reconstruction.On constate une forte augmentation de l’intérêt porté sur l’utilisation des technologies vidéo 3D pour des besoins commerciaux, notamment par l’application de l’holographie, pour fournir des images réalistes, qui semblent vivantes. Surtout, pour sa capacité à reconstruire tous les parallaxes nécessaires, afin de permettre de réaliser une vision véritablement immersive qui peut être observée par quiconque (humains, machine ou animal). Malheureusement la grande quantité d'information contenue dans un hologramme le rend inapte à être transmis en temps réel sur les réseaux existants. Cette thèse présente des techniques afin de réduire efficacement la taille de l'hologramme par l'élagage de portions de l'hologramme en fonction de la position de l'observateur. Un grand nombre d'informations contenues dans l'hologramme n'est pas utilisé si le nombre d'observateurs d'une scène immersive est limité. Sous cette hypothèse, éléments de l'hologramme peuvent être décomposés pour que seules les parties requises sensibles au phénomène de diffraction vers un point d'observation particulier soient conservés. Les reconstructions de ces hologrammes élagués peuvent être propagées numériquement ou optiquement. On utilise la transformation en ondelettes pour capter les informations de fréquences localisées depuis l'hologramme. La sélection des ondelettes est basée sur des capacités de localisation en espace et en fréquence. Par exemple, les ondelettes de Gabor et Morlet possèdent une bonne localisation dans l'espace et la fréquence. Ce sont des bons candidats pour la reconstruction des hologrammes suivant la position de l'observateur. Pour cette raison les ondelettes de Shannon sont également utilisées. De plus l'application en fonction du domaine de fréquence des ondelettes de Shannon est présentée pour fournir des calculs rapides de l'élagage en temps réel et de la reconstruction

Mutational Analysis of the Myxococcus xanthus Ω4406 Promoter Region Reveals an Upstream Negative Regulatory Element That Mediates C-Signal Dependence

C signaling plays a key role in coordinating cell movement and differentiation during the multicellular developmental process of Myxococcus xanthus. C signaling regulates expression of genes induced after about 6 h into development, when cells are forming mounds. One gene whose expression depends absolutely on C signaling was identified by insertion of a transposable element at site Ω4406 which generated a transcriptional fusion between lacZ and an upstream promoter. We have investigated regulation of the Ω4406 promoter. A 5′ deletion revealed a negative regulatory element located between bp −533 and −100 relative to the transcriptional start site. In the absence of this element, the promoter was still developmentally regulated but about fourfold more active. Also, the truncated promoter region retained normal dependence on two developmental regulators, FruA and DevS, but lost its dependence on the C-signaling protein CsgA. We infer that C signaling partially overcomes the negative effect of the upstream element on activity of the Ω4406 promoter. Deletion of downstream DNA between bp 50 and 140 caused a threefold loss in expression, suggesting that a positive regulatory element lies in this region. Additional positive and negative regulatory elements are present in the region from bp −69 to −49, based on the effects of multiple-base-pair mutations. Within this region, a 5-bp element and a C-box-like sequence resemble sequences found in other developmentally regulated M. xanthus promoter regions, but the effects of single-base-pair changes in these sequences suggest that each functions uniquely. We conclude that regulation of the Ω4406 promoter involves multiple positive and negative regulatory elements located upstream and downstream of the region typically bound by RNA polymerase

A framework for view-dependent hologram representation and adaptive reconstruction

International audienceIn this paper, we present a complete framework for networked holo-gram adaptive transmission; we propose a well-suited wavelet basis allowing efficient local diffractive pattern extraction according to the user position, expose the relations between observer parameters and the pruning in the wavelet decomposition representation, and explain how the reconstruction is performed. The proposed framework has been validated on an experimental setup involving a kinect sensor for viewer position estimation